Defying Predatory Capital: Embracing Beauty, Resisting Ugliness, and Striving for Freedom
Keywords:
Type:
TextAbstract
Research has explored the role of capitalist markets in the configuration of society and as social determinants. However, some niche markets have been taken by a form of capital, conceptualized as “predatory”, that has sought maximum benefit without caring for the social consequences of their activity on beauty, ugliness, freedom, and the overcoming of gender violence. This study addresses this gap by examining how “predatory capital” exploits various aspects of human life, including relationships, art, and music, by promoting ugliness over beauty. Through historical examples such as the tobacco industry's manipulation of women's liberation to promote smoking, this article reveals the detrimental tactics employed by predatory capital. It explores how the nightlife industry coerces youth into harmful behaviors through coercive dominant discourse, perpetuating toxic relationship dynamics and limiting individual freedom. Additionally, the study presents how the music industry reinforces harmful stereotypes and behaviors. Finally, it exposes how pseudo-theories, like those promoted by Foucault, are utilized to justify and perpetuate sexual violence, hindering progress towards freedom, gender equality, and social justice. This interdisciplinary analysis sheds light on the negative impact of predatory capital on human relationships, culture, and society, emphasizing the importance of critical awareness and resistance against its exploitative practices.
Downloads
References
Altenmüller, E., & Jabusch, H.-C. (2010). Focal dystonia in musicians: phenomenology, pathophysiology and triggering factors. European Journal of Neurology: The Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies, 17 Suppl 1, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03048.x
Google Scholar CrossrefArditi, D. (2019). Music Everywhere: Setting a Digital Music Trap. Critical Sociology, 45(4–5), 617–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920517729192
Google Scholar CrossrefAubert, A., Melgar, P., & Valls, R. (2011). Communicative Daily Life Stories and Focus Groups: Proposals for Overcoming Gender Violence Among Teenagers. Qualitative Inquiry: QI, 17(3), 295–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410397808
Google Scholar CrossrefBarile, N., & Sugiyama, S. (2015). The Automation of Taste: A Theoretical Exploration of Mobile ICTs and Social Robots in the Context of Music Consumption. International Journal of Social Robotics, 7(3), 407–416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0283-1
Google Scholar CrossrefBourdieu, P. (1987). Distinction: a Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (Harvard University Press, Ed.). Harvard University Press.
Google Scholar CrossrefBrown-Johnson, C. G., England, L. J., Glantz, S. A., & Ling, P. M. (2014). Tobacco industry marketing to low socioeconomic status women in the U.S.A. Tobacco Control, 23(e2), e139-46. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051224
Google Scholar CrossrefCastro, Á. L. de O., & Rezende, D. C. de. (2023). Music consumption and taste internalisation practices among educated Brazilian metal listeners and members of musical scenes. Poetics , 99, 101803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2023.101803
Google Scholar CrossrefCecchini, J.-A., Fernández, J.-L., & Cecchini, C. (2013). The effort culture in the physical education class. Culture and Education, 25(4), 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1174/113564013808906924
Google Scholar CrossrefChao-Fernández, A., Chao-Fernández, R., & López-Chao, C. (2020). Sexism in Lyrics of Children’s Songs in School and Family Environment. Education Sciences, 10(11), 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10110300
Google Scholar Crossrefde Beauvoir, S. (2011). The mother. In S. de Beauvoir (Ed.), The second sex. Volume II (pp. 597–648). Vintage Books.
Google Scholar CrossrefDíez-Gutiérrez, E.-J. (2021). Valores y socialización educativa a través de la música reggaetonera. Resonancias: Revista de Investigación Musical, 48. https://doi.org/10.7764/res.2021.48.6
Google Scholar CrossrefDuque, E., Rodríguez-Conde, J., Puigvert, L., & Peña-Axt, J. C. (2020). Bartenders and Customers’ Interactions. Influence on Sexual Assaults in Nightlife. Sustainability: Science Practice and Policy, 12(15), 6111. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12156111
Google Scholar Crossrefelviciodeolvidar [@elviciodeolvidar]. (2009, October 21). Doctor Deseo - La chica del batzoki. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Of2KJ4ZPNA
Google Scholar CrossrefEze, S. U. (2020). Sexism and Power Play in the Nigerian Contemporary Hip Hop Culture: The Music of Wizkid. Contemporary Music Review, 39(1), 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2020.1753479
Google Scholar CrossrefFlecha, R. (2022). The dialogic society. Hipatia Press. https://hipatiapress.com/index/en/2022/12/04/the-dialogic-society-2/
Google Scholar CrossrefFoucault, M. (1991 (o.p.1975)). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Pantheon Books.
Google Scholar CrossrefFRA. (2014). Victims of crime in the EU: the extent and nature of support for victims. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2014/victims-crime-eu-extent-and-nature-support-victims
Google Scholar CrossrefGairal-Casadó, R., Duque, E., Ramis-Salas, M., & Valls, R. (2023). ‘My friends are like my family’: The positive impact of high‐quality friendships on former foster care youth. Children & Society, 37(6), 1829–1845. https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12683
Google Scholar CrossrefGarland, S. (2019). Amiguismo: capitalism, sociality, and the sustainability of indie music in Santiago, Chile. Ethnomusicology Forum, 28(1), 26–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/17411912.2019.1622431
Google Scholar CrossrefGómez, J. (2015). Radical Love: A Revolution for the 21st Century. Peter Lang.
Google Scholar CrossrefGuo, Y., Luo, S., & Tan, Y. (2023). Purpose in life and academic performance: Grit mediation among Chinese college students. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 33(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2175970
Google Scholar CrossrefHamm, J. V., Farmer, T. W., Lambert, K., & Gravelle, M. (2014). Enhancing peer cultures of academic effort and achievement in early adolescence: promotive effects of the SEALS intervention. Developmental Psychology, 50(1), 216–228. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032979
Google Scholar CrossrefHormigos-Ruiz, J. (2023). Normalización de la violencia de género en los contenidos culturales consumidos por la juventud. Revista Prisma Social, 41, 278–303. https://revistaprismasocial.es/article/view/5039
Google Scholar CrossrefIñiguez- Berrozpe, T., Orejudo-Hernández, S., Ruiz-Eugenio, L., & Elboj-Saso, C. (2021). School Networks of Positive Relationships, Attitudes against Violence, and Prevention of Relational Bullying in Victim, Bystander, and Aggressor Agents. Journal of School Violence, 20(2), 212–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2021.1875842
Google Scholar CrossrefJoanpere, M., Burgués-Freitas, A., Soler, M., & Aiello, E. (2022). History of MeToo University movement in Spain. Social and Education History, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.10545
Google Scholar CrossrefJohansen, K. B. H., Pedersen, B. M., & Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, T. (2019). ‘I think in some way you’re afraid to lose your dignity maybe’: Exploring Danish girls’ concerns in relation to sexual activity. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 1350506819831394. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350506819831394
Google Scholar CrossrefKandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H., & Jessell, T. M. (1991). Principles of neural science appleton & lange. East Norwalk.
Google Scholar CrossrefKasmir, S. (2002). “More Basque than You!”: Class, Youth, and Identity in an Industrial Basque Town. Identities, 9(1), 39–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/10702890210366
Google Scholar CrossrefKegelaers, J., Hoogkamer, L., & Oudejans, R. R. D. (2022). Practice and performance management strategies of emerging professional musicians in preparation for orchestra auditions. Research Studies in Music Education, 44(1), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X211054659
Google Scholar CrossrefKhalfaoui, A., García-Carrión, R., & Anabo, I. F. (2023). Supporting children’s friendship stability in a culturally diverse school with a dialogic approach: A case study. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 41, 100737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2023.100737
Google Scholar CrossrefKilroy, R. (2017). Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain: One Hundred Years Later. Springer.
Google Scholar CrossrefKritzman, L. (Ed.). (1988). Michel Foucault: Politics, Philosophy, Culture: Interviews and Other Writings 1977-1984. Routledge.
Google Scholar CrossrefKullberg, E. (2017). La relación madre-hija en tres cuentos de escritoras españolas contemporáneas. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1074749&dswid=9692
Google Scholar CrossrefLeFebvre, L. E. (2018). Swiping me off my feet: Explicating relationship initiation on Tinder. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 35(9), 1205–1229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407517706419
Google Scholar CrossrefLopez de Aguileta Jaussi, A., Torras-Gómez, E., Ríos-González, O., & Racionero-Plaza, S. (2022). Who promoted the nightlife of flirts? Freedom or capitalist business? Social and Education History, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.11244
Google Scholar CrossrefMineo, L. (2017). Good genes are nice, but joy is better. The Harvard Gazette, 11. https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/04/over-nearly-80-years-harvard-study-has-been-showing-how-to-live-a-healthy-and-happy-life/
Google Scholar CrossrefPadrós Cuxart, M., Molina Roldán, S., Gismero, E., & Tellado, I. (2021). Evidence of Gender Violence Negative Impact on Health as a Lever to Change Adolescents’ Attitudes and Preferences towards Dominant Traditional Masculinities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189610
Google Scholar CrossrefPedersen, W., Tutenges, S., & Sandberg, S. (2017). The pleasures of drunken one-night stands: Assemblage theory and narrative environments. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 49, 160–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.08.005
Google Scholar CrossrefPuigvert, L., Racionero-Plaza, S., Lopez de Aguileta, G., Tellado, I., Molina, S., Pulido-Rodríguez, M. Á., Ugalde, L., & Flecha, R. (2023). Disdainful hookups: A powerful social determinant of health. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 100(4), 870–877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-023-00765-4
Google Scholar CrossrefPulido-Rodriguez, C. M., Ovseiko, P., Font Palomar, M., Kumpulainen, K., & Ramis, M. (2021). Capturing Emerging Realities in Citizen Engagement in Science in Social Media: A Social Media Analytics Protocol for the Allinteract Study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 16094069211050164. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211050163
Google Scholar CrossrefRamón y Cajal, S. (1959). Degeneration & Regeneration of the Nervous System (Vol. 2). Hafner Publishing Company. Cajal, R.S. (1959). Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System, vol. 2 New York: Hafner Publishing.
Google Scholar CrossrefRios-González, O., Peña Axt, J. C., Duque Sánchez, E., & De Botton Fernández, L. (2018). The Language of Ethics and Double Standards in the Affective and Sexual Socialization of Youth. Communicative Acts in the Family Environment as Protective or Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence. Frontiers in Sociology, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2018.00019
Google Scholar CrossrefRodriguez, H., Sarah, P. A., & Canonne, C. (2023). Contrasts of register underlie the perception of musical humor. Music Perception, 40(4), 316–333. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2023.40.4.316
Google Scholar CrossrefRuiz, J. H. (2020). Una propuesta metodológica para trabajar la violencia de género con adolescentes a través de las canciones. Revista Electrónica de LEEME, 0(46), 92–107. https://doi.org/10.7203/LEEME.46.16999
Google Scholar CrossrefSalceda, M., Vidu, A., Aubert, A., & Roca, E. (2020). Dialogic Feminist Gatherings: Impact of the Preventive Socialization of Gender-Based Violence on Adolescent Girls in Out-of-Home Care. Social Sciences, 9(8), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci9080138
Google Scholar CrossrefSaldarriaga, L., Richter-Sotero, A., & Bohner, G. (2023). Voy a tocarte toa: preferences for sexist music and sexist attitudes predict unwanted sexual attention harassment (Voy a tocarte toa: las preferencias para la música sexista y las actitudes sexistas predicen atención sexual no deseada). Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, 38(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2022.2140547
Google Scholar CrossrefTanoue, L. T. (2021). Women and Lung Cancer. Clinics in Chest Medicine, 42(3), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2021.04.007
Google Scholar CrossrefTellado, I., López-Calvo, L., & Alonso-Olea, M. J. (2014). Dialogic design of qualitative data collection for researching the mirage of upward mobility. Qualitative Inquiry: QI, 20(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800414537207
Google Scholar CrossrefThandra, K. C., Barsouk, A., Saginala, K., Aluru, J. S., & Barsouk, A. (2021). Epidemiology of lung cancer. Contemporary Oncology, 25(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2021.103829
Google Scholar CrossrefTorras-Gómez, E., León-Jiménez, S., Joanpere, M., & Valls-Carol, R. (2022). “You Enjoy Talking about It More than Doing It”: Fake Narratives in Disdainful Relationships. Qualitative Research in Education, 11(2), 180–202. https://doi.org/10.17583/qre.10578
Google Scholar CrossrefTutenges, S., & Bøhling, F. (2019). Designing drunkenness: How pubs, bars and nightclubs increase alcohol sales. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 70, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.04.009
Google Scholar CrossrefUnited Nations. (n.d.). World’s Women 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2024, from https://worlds-women-2020-data-undesa.hub.arcgis.com/
Google Scholar CrossrefValls, R., Elboj, C., Serradell, O., Díez-Palomar, J., Aiello, E., Racionero, S., Vidu, A., Roca, E., Joanpere, M., & de Aguileta, A. L. (2022). Promoting Admiration of Foucault Hiding his Defense of Rape and Pederasty. International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.17583/rimcis.9560
Google Scholar CrossrefVandenberg, F., Berghman, M., & van Eijck, K. (2020). ‘Wear Clogs and just Act Normal’: Defining Collectivity in Dutch Domestic Music Concerts. Cultural Sociology, 1749975520961618. https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975520961618
Google Scholar CrossrefWaldinger, R. J., & Schulz, M. S. (2010). What’s love got to do with it? Social functioning, perceived health, and daily happiness in married octogenarians. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 422–431. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019087
Google Scholar Crossref첼로댁 C. [@cellodeck]. (2022, April 16). Romeo and Juliet - Love Theme???? 절절하고 매혹적인 로미오와 줄리엣 OST. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE1HVFlsPMw
Google Scholar CrossrefPublished
Almetric
Dimensions
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Elisabeth Torras-Gómez, Ane López de Aguileta, Lídia Puigvert, Ramon Flecha, Lidia Bordanoba-Gallego, Sandra Racionero-Plaza
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles are published under Creative Commons copyright (CC BY). Authors hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions, but authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy articles as the original source is cited.
